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- Most common natural disaster – Floods are the world’s most frequent natural disaster, affecting more people than earthquakes or hurricanes.
- Different types – There are several types, including river floods, flash floods, coastal floods, and urban floods.
- Flash floods are the deadliest – They occur suddenly, often within minutes or hours of heavy rain, leaving little time for evacuation.
- Causes vary – Floods can be triggered by heavy rainfall, melting snow, dam failure, cyclones, or poor drainage systems.
- Floodplains are most vulnerable – Areas near rivers and low-lying coastal regions are at the highest risk.
- Economic damage – Floods cause billions of dollars in property and crop damage globally each year.
- Health risks – Floodwaters often carry sewage and pollutants, spreading diseases like cholera, typhoid, and dysentery.
- Impact on soil – While floods destroy crops, they can also deposit nutrient-rich silt, improving soil fertility in some regions.
- Urbanization increases risk – Cities with poor drainage and unplanned construction are more prone to severe flooding.
- Climate change effect – Rising sea levels and extreme weather events due to climate change are making floods more frequent and severe.
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